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Comparing the Two Routes for Transporting the Ships

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Choosing the Best Route for the Sultan’s Plan When we compare the Dolmabahçe route and the Tophane route, it is not enough to look only...

The Distance Covered on the Dolmabahçe Route

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The Importance of Distance in Identifying the Route A second strong argument in favor of the Dolmabahçe route is the distance that the Ottoman ships...

The Dolmabahçe Route and Historical Evidence

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Introduction When historians discuss the route used by the Ottoman ships during the siege of Constantinople in 1453, one important theory is the Dolmabahçe route....

Shops and Commerce in Athens

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Athens has several fine shops, particularly in the newer parts of the city. These shops are modern and well-stocked, and they can easily compare...

Milk Delivery in Athens

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In Athens, both goats and cows are driven into town every morning and milked at the doors of their customers. This is not a...

Farming Near Athens

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It is surprising that, despite large areas of unused land, the fields around Athens do not produce enough vegetables to meet local demand. The...

The Confusion Over the Gate’s Name

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Historians do not agree about the true name of a certain entrance in the walls of Constantinople. Some believe that this gate is the...

The Golden Gate and the Changing Fortunes of the Byzantine Empire

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The Golden Gate of Constantinople played an important role in the city's military and political history. This gate was not only a symbol of...

Ceremonial Uses of the Golden Gate

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The Golden Gate (Porta Aurea) of Constantinople was not just a part of the city’s strong fortifications—it also served as the main ceremonial entrance...

Why Buildings in Constantinople Are Poorly Made

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There are several reasons, besides the difficult land layout, for why the houses in Constantinople are built cheaply and without much care. One main reason...